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The coast of Peru is a bleak and mountainous desert sort of a place which runs from Chile to Ecuador interrupted by fifty two small rivers that descend through steep mountains and empty out into the Pacific Ocean. The Costa is a land of dunes and barren sand. This region experiences a humidity which is as high as 90 percent in the winter season from June to September when the average temperature in Lima is about 16 degrees Celsius. Temperature near the equator in the north can get extremely hot during the summer months.
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The summer temperature might fall to cooler levels during the summer months in the southern region of Peru. Due to the presence of heavy mist, plant live can grow well at certain places in and around the equatorial region of Peru. However, the mist is sufficient to dampen the air. These climatic conditions basically favor the preservation of archaeological remains. The prevailing climatic conditions are also favorable for human habitation as the climate is benign and the need of water tight roofing is minimized due to the lack of rain in this region.
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In the Andean highlands, the winter season is from the month of October to April. It rains in winter in Peru and the summers are dry remaining from May to September. According to the different existing types, crops are harvested throughout the year, with native tubers being brought in during the middle of the winter months. Grains are brought in during the summer months. Severe landslide and avalanches which are called huaycos is caused by the heavy torrential downpour during the winter months. This sort of an avalanche and rainfall damages irrigation canals, roads, and destroys villages and cities too. The reason for major climatic difficulties faced by Peru is attributed to the periodic warm current which flows towards the south and is called El Nino (The Christ-child) and also due to intensive fishing that has depleted the stocks of anchovy on a temporary basis.
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